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Western District. Pop. 4,003. Among these
mountains, 183 m. W. N. W. of Richmrftid, are the
hbt springs which give name to the county. There
is another spring a few miles north, called the
Warm Spring ; the north and south forks of the
Jackson River run through the plain between the
two ridges of mountains and the Cow Pasture
River, east of the eastern ridge, all of which fall
into James River, at the south end of the county.
There is another hot spring in Berkeley county,
Virginia, between the foot of the Bluff of the Ca-
capon ridge of the Alleghany Mountains and the
Potomac River, about 40 m. N. by AV. of the city
of Washington.
Bath, a County of Kentucky, in the N. E., on
Licking river. Pop. 8,799. Owingsville and
Sharpsburg are the chief towns.
Bathgate, a town of Scotland, in Linlithgow-
shire, 19m. W. hy S. of Edinburgh, on the high
road to Glasgow. Pop. in 1821, 3,2S3, principally
employed in weaving.
Bathor, an interior town of Upper Hungary, in
the county of Szabolts, about 30 m. N. AV. of De-
bretzin.
Bathurst, an English settlement on the W. coast
of North Africa, at the entrance of the river Gam-
bia.
Bathurst Plains, extensive fertile plains, west
of a ridge of mountains, called the Blue Moun-
tains, running parallel with the east coast of New
Holland in the lat. of about 36. S.
Batinda, the chief town of a fertile district of
the same name, on the N. JV. confines of Dehli,
bordering on the desert of Vloultan.
Batoa, a small island in the Indian Ocean, near
the west side of Sumatra^ on the equinoctial line,
in long. 98. 0. E.
Baton Rouge, a parish in the E. District of
Louisiana, subdivided into E. and W. The form-
er has a pop. of 6,717, ch. town Concordia. The
latter has a pop. of 3,092, ch. town Baton Rouge.
Baton Rouge, ph. capital of the above, on the E.
bank of the Mississippi, 138 m. above N. Orleans,
along the river. The country around is fertile,
but the town is small.
Batopilas, a considerable town of the Andes, or
Cordilleras of Mexico, in the intendency of Du-
rango.
Batoumi, a town at the mouth of a river of the
same name, falling into the Black Sea, and form-
ing the N. E. boundary of Armenia.
Batta, two towns on the west bank of the Dan-
ube, in Lower Hungary ; one a few miles S. of
Buda, and the other a few miles E. ofFunfkirchen.
Battallah, a town of Hindoostan, about 60 m.
east by south of Lahore, in the province of that
name.
Batiecola, a town on the Malabar coast, about
100m. X. of Mangalore.
BaUtnburg, a town of Holland in Guelderland,
with a castle on the north bank of the Meuse, 10 m.
S.AAC ofNimeguen.
Battenburg, a town and castle of Germany, in
Upper Hesse, seated on the Eder, 14 m. N. of
Marburg.
Battersea, a village in Surrey, Eng. on the N.
bank of the Thames. 4 miles AV. S. AV. of London.
Here was the seat of the St. Johns, where the fa-
mous Lord Bolingoroke was born,and died. On the
site of it now stands a distillery and a horizontal
air-mill for grinding malt. Here is a timber bridge
over the river to Chelsea. Pop. in 1821, 4,764,
chiefly occupied in gardening and supplying the
London markets with vegetables
11 |
Batticotta, a town in the northern part of Cey-
lon, where is an American missionary station.
Battle, a town in Sussex, Eng. near the English
Channel. Near this place, AVilliam, duke of
Normandy, defeated Harold, king of England,
1066, and in memory of this victory, he found-
ed here an abbey, which from its remains ap-
pears to have been magnificent. This town is
famous for a manufacture of gunpowder. _ It is
24 m. E. of Lewes, 6 N. of Hastings, and 56 S. E.
of London. Pop. in 1821, 2,852. .
Battlefield, a village in Shropshire, Eng. 5 miles
N. of Shrewsbury. Here a decisive victory was
gained by Henry IV. over Henry Percy, sur-
named Hotspur.
Battletown, p.v. Frederick Co. A’a. 6 m. E. Win-
chester.
Bavaria, Palatinate, Diichy, Electorate, Circle,
and Kingdom of. The former circle of Bavaria lies
between the 47th and 50th deg. of N. lat. and the
11th and 14th of E. long., is bounded on the north-
east by Bohemia, south-east and south by Aus-
tria and the Tyrol, south-west by Suabia, and
north-west by Franconia; and comprises the pal-
atinate, and principalities of Sulzbach and Neu-
berg, in the north ; the duchy, which constituted
the greater portion of the circle, divided into
Lower and Upper, the county of Werdenfels in
the south-west; the bishopric of Passau on the
east; the provostship of Berchtolsgaden, insulated
in the archbishopric of Saltzburg, which formed
the south-east part of the circle, forming together
an area of about 16,500 sq. miles, and containing
a population of 1,300,000.
The Duchy of Bavaria, which formed about
two-thirds of the circle, was part of the ancient
Noricum, peopled from ancient Gaul, from which
they were driven about 590 years B. C. It was
constituted a duchy in the early part of the 10th
century of the Christian sera, under which title
it continued uninterrupted until the reign of the
emperor Ferdinand of Germany, who raised Ba-
varia into an Electorate of the Germanic confed-
eracy ; but Maximilian Emannel, grandson of the
first elector, forfeited his possessions, by violating
his allegiance in entering into an alliance with
France, against the emperor. He was however
reinstated in his possessions in 1714, and the suc-
ceeding elector, Charles, introduced numerous
salutary regulations into the social institutions
of the state, under which it rose in prosperity and
reputation, and continued to make advances in
social improvement, and to retain its influence in
the Germanic diet, until Napoleon interposed his
power, at the commencement of the 19th century
when the elector was again induced to withdraw
from the Germanic confederacy under the pledge
of being vested with regal authority, and guaran-
teed in an accession of territory at the expense of
Austria; hence the
Kingdom of Bavaria, which was acknowledged
by the emperor of Austria at the peace of Pres xe2x80xa2
burg in 1805 : the accession of territory obtained
with the regal title, lay on the side of Franconia,
Suabia, and the Tyrol. The disaster experienced
by Napoleon at Moscow in the winter of 1812,
1813, induced the new king to conclude a secret
treaty with the confederate powers against his
former patron, on condition of being guaranteed
in the integrity of his newly acquired dominions,
and at the congress of Vienna, in 1818, the bound-
aries of the Bavarian kingdom were finally adjust-
ed, when the territory was divided into the eight
following circles, with the chief towns of each |
