Jafa, a fertile country of Arabia, N. W. of
Aden and of Hadramaut; it was formerly under
the dominion of the imam ; but in the end of the
17th century the inhabitants made themselves
independent, and are now governed by three
petty chiefs, who have also conquered a part of
the province of Hadramaut.

Jaffa, anciently called Joppa, a town of Asia,
in Palestine, situated near the coast of the Med-
iterranean, with a small citadel. It was formerly
a celebrated city, and is frequently mentioned
in the Scriptures. It has long been inhabited by
Turks and Arabs, with a mixture of Geeks, Maro-
nites, and Armenians, The houses are small
and surrounded with the ruins of the ancient
, walls and towers. The Franks, Greeks, and
.< Armenians have small convents for the reception
I pilgrims of different nations. The principal
commerce is in grain, particularly rice from
. Egypt. Jaffa was laid waste in the crusades, and
xe2x96xa0* afterwards destroyed by an earthquake. In pro-
* fane history it is said to be the place whence
Perseus delivered Andromeda. It was taken by
the French, under Bonapqrte, in February 1789,
but they held possession 4fi days only. It is 12
tn. N. W. of Gaza, and 33 W. of Jerusalem.

Jaffna, a town of Ceylon, capital of Jaffnapa-
tam, whence are exported great quantities^of to-
bacco, and some elephants, which are accounted
the most docile of any in the world. The Dutch
took it from the Portuguese in 1658 ; and it was
taken by the English in 1795. It is seated on a
river navigable for large boats, 100 m. N. of Can-
dy. Long. 80. 10. E., lat. 9. 45. N.

Jaffruvpatam, a district in the N. part of Ceylon
fertile in fruit and vegetables, and said to be the
most populous and healthy in the island. Sever-
al small islands are politically connected with
this district; and between it and the Candian
provinces are numerous woods, inhabited by a
savage race, called Vaddahs, supposed to be the
aborigines of the country.

Jaffrabad, a town of Hindoostan, in Guzerat,
near the mouth of a river, noted for large oysters,
37 rn. E. N. E. of Diu.

Jagernaut. See Juggernaut.

Jaffrey. p.t. Cheshire Co. N. H. 62 m. N. W.
Boston. Pop. 1,353. In this town is Monadrwck
Mountain, which see. Near the mountain is the
Monadnock mineral spring, which is slightly im-
pregnated with carbonate of iron and sulphate
of soda. Yellow ochre is thrown out by the
spring, and many tons of it have been exported.
Here are also cotton and woolen manufactures,
oil mills, &c.

Jagerndorf, a town and castle of Silesia, seated
on the Oppa, 13 m. N. W. of Troppau. Long. 17.
44. E., lat. 50. 0. N.

Jago, St., the most fertile province of Chile,
extending 45 m. in length from E. to W., and 36
in breadth from N. to S. It is bounded on the
E. by the Andes, W⁷. by Melipilla, N by the prov-
ince of Aconcagua, and S. by the river Maypo.
Corn, wine, and fruits are produced here in great
quantities. The mountains abound in the pre-
cious metals, and here are also mines of copper,
tin, and lead The province is watered by the
Mapacho, and Colina, and several other fine
streams.

Jago, St., the capital of the above province,
and a bishop’s see. Besides the cathedral, there
are three parish churches, and 8 monasteries.
The inhabitants, about 46,000, are chiefly native
Americans and Spaniards. Here are several
canals, and a dike, by means of which they water
the gardens, and cool the streets. It is seated in
a beautiful plain, at the foot of the Andes, on
the river Mapocho, over which is a handsome
bridge, which connects several suburbs with the
city. The commerce is considerable, and the
markets are well supplied with all kinds of pro-
visons. 53 m. E. S. E. of Valparaiso. Lono-. 69.
48. W., lat. 33. 15. S.

Jago, St., a handsome town of Mexico, capital
of Veragua. It has an elegant hospital, and
stands in a fertile country, which produces maize,
plantains, &c., with abundance of cattle. 110 m.
S. W. of Porto Bello.

Jago, St. a fortified sea-port on the S. coast of
Cuba, and a bishop’s see, with a good harbour;
situate on a bay, about 6 m. from the sea. Long
76. 10. W., lat.* 20. 5. S.

Jago, de los Cavalier os, St., a town of Hispaniola,
in a fertile soil, on the river St. Jago, 70 m.
from its mouth, and 90 N. N. W. of St. Domingo.

Jago de Compostella, St. See Compostella.

Jago de los Valles, St., a town of Mexico, in the
province of Guasteca, seated on the river Panuco,
170 m. N. by E. of Mexico.

Jago de la Vega, St. See Spanish-town.

Jagodma, a town of European Turkey, in Ser
via, seated on the Morava, 60 m. S. S. E. of Bel
grade

Jaisza, a town of European Turkey, in Bosnia,
with a strong citadel, seated on the Plena, 50 m
N. E. of Serai.

Jajgur, a town and fortress of Hindoostan, cap-
ital of a district of the same name, in the province
of Agimere. The district contains upwards of 80
villages, chiefly inhabited by a predatory tribe of
Hindoos called Meena.

Jakutskoi. See Yakutsk.

Jalalabad, a town of Hindoostan, in the country
of Cabul, situate on the Kameh, 60 m. E. S. E
of Cabul.

Jallindar, a town of Hindoostan, capital of a d<s
trict of the same name, in the country of Lahore
80 m. E. by S. of Lahore. Long. 74. 10. E., Iat.
30. 50. N.

JaLoffs, or Oualoffs, a people of Africa, who oc-
cupy great part of the country between the lower
part of the Gambia and that of the Senegal.
Their territory is estimated at 4,800 square miles.
They are celebrated as hunters and warriors;
and the cotton cloth which they manufacture is
superior, both in quality and colour, to that of the
Mandingos.

Jalonitza, a town of European Turkey, in Wa-
lachia, on a river of the same name, 95 m. S. W.
of Ismail.

Jalour, a town of Hindoostan, in the country of
Agimere, situate on a mountain difficult of access,
85 m. W. N. W. of Cheitore.

Jamagorod, a town of Russia, in the govern-
ment of Petersburg, with a strong fort, seated on
the Jama, 12 m. N. E. of Narva.

Jamaica, the most considerable and valuable of
the British West India islands, discovered by
Columbus, in 1494. It lies 30 leagues W. of St.
Domingo, nearly the same distance S. of Cuba,
and is of an oval figure, 150 miles long and 40
broad, containing 4,080,000 acres. An elevated
ridge, called the Blue Mountains, runs lengthwise
from E. to W., whence numerous rivers take
their rise on both sides; and though none of them
are navigable for barges, yet the sugars are car-
ried upon many of them in canoes from the re
mote plantations to the seaside : some of them