Aherchaldcr.—a locality in Inverness-shire, on Cale-
donian Canal and river Oich, 5 miles SW. of Fort-
Augustus; here Prince Charles Edward mustered 2000
men (26th Aug. 1745) before commencing his descent
upon the Lowlands.—2. Aherchalder, Wester, estate,
Daviot and Dunlichity par., Inverness-shire.

Aherchirder, thriving vil., Marnoch par., in co. and
9¼ miles SW. of Banff, pop. 1358 ; P.O., 1 Bank.

Aherconway. See Conway.

Abercorn, coast par. and vil., N. Linlithgowshire, 3
milesNW. of Winchburghsta.,5265ac. (29½ water), pop.
856; post-town, South Queensferry.

Ahercowarch, place, Merioneth, 2 miles from Dinas
Mawddwy ry. sta.

A here rave, place, S. Brecknockshire, 2¼ miles from
Onllwynry. sta.

Abercrombie, or St Monance, par., Fife, 3 miles
SW. of Anstruther. See Si Monance.

Aberdalgie, par., in co. and 3¼ miles SW. of Perth,
4220 ac. (55 water), pop. 297; P.O.

Abcrdare, par. and market town, forming part of
the pari. bor. of Merthyr-Tydfil, Glamorgan, 4 miles
SW. of Merthyr-Tydfil and 23¼ miles NW. of Cardiff by
rail, 16,619 ac., pop. 35,533; town, pop. 33,804; 3
Banks, 2 newspapers. Market-days, Wednesday and
Saturday. It has extensive collieries and iron-works.
The eccl. dist. of Aberdare St Fagan has a pop. of 3962.

Abcrdare Junction, ry. sta. on Taff Vale By.,
Glamorgan, 16½ miles NW. of Cardiff.

Abcrdargie. See Aberargie.

Ahcrdaron, par. and vil., SW. Carnarvonshire, at
head of bay of same name, 20 miles SW. of Pwllheli ry.
sta., 7078ac. (175 water), pop. 1202; P.O.

Aberdeen, co. town of Aberdeenshire, pari, and royal
burgh, and principal seaport in the N. of Scotland, be-
tween the mouths of the Dee and the Don, 115 miles
via Tay Bridge and 135 m. via Perth and Stirling by rail
N. of Edinburgh, and 518 m. N. of London—pari, burgh,
pop. 105,003; royal burgh, pop. 87,223; mun. burgh,
pop. 105,189; 8 Banks, 8 newspapers. It is the fourth
largest town in Scotland, and comprises Old and New
Aberdeen, the former being about 1 m. to the N. on the
S. side of the Don, and the latter on the Dee; the houses
are mostly built of granite. It is the seat of a flourish-
ing University, which was formed (1860) by the union of
the University and King’s College (founded 1494) of Old

A., and the University and Marischal College (founded
1593) of New A., and has 21 professors and about
600 students. The largest and most imposing of A.’s
public edifices is the County and Municipal Buildings
(commenced 1867, completed at cost of over £80,000), a
granite structure with tower 190 ft. high. Duthie Park
(1883), 47 ac. in extent, is on the SW. side of the city.
The docks are extensive, the harb. having been enlarged
and improved by the diversion of the Dee, the forma-
tion of a pier and breakwater, &c. Exports—linens,
woollens, cotton yarns, granite, and fish. A. is the
head of the fishery dist. between Montrose and Peter-
head, and fish-curing is extensively carried on. There
are important shipbuilding yards ; engineering, chemi-
cal, tanning, and granite-polishing works; breweries,
distilleries, and paper-mills; with mfrs. of woollen,
linen, cotton, combs, and tobacco. (For shipping
statistics, see Appendix.) The existing part of the
Cathedral of St Machar (begun about 1357, com-
pleted 1527), 126 ft. long and 67½ broad, stands in
Old A. The burgh returns 2 members to Parliament (2
divisions, viz., North and South, 1 member for each
division); the representation of the burgh was increased
in 1885 ; the university unites with that of Glasgow in
returning 1 member.

Aberdeenshire, a maritime co. in the NE. of Scot-
land ; bounded N. and E. by the German Ocean ; S. by
the cos. of Kincardine, Forfar, and Perth ; and W. by
the cos. of Inverness and Banff. Greatest length, NE.
and SW., 85 miles ; greatest breadth, NW. and SE.,
42 miles ; coast-line, 60 miles. Area, 1955’4 sq. m.,
or 1,251,451 ac. Pop. 267,990, or 137 persons to
each sq. m. The coast is mostly bold and rocky, and
with little indentation. The chief promontories are
Kinnaird’s Head, Battray Head, and Buchan Ness,
the last being the most easterly point of Scotland.
The surface, on the whole, is hilly and mountainous.