Calder, Mid, par. and vil., W. Edinburghshire, near
left bank of river Almond, 2£ miles W. of its ry. sta.
and 114 miles SW. of Edinburgh—par., 12,294 ac.,
pop. 1695; vil., pop. 657 ; P.O., T.o.; has rich beds of
bituminous shale, from which are extracted large quan-
tities of paraffin oil and other chemicals; 2 miles W. of
ry. sta. is Calder House, the seat of Lord Torphichen,
where John Knox first dispensed the sacrament of the
Lord’s Supper after the Reformation.

CaldermiU, vil., 3m. from Strathavon, W. Lanarksh.

Calder, North, a stream of Linlithgowshire, Stirling-
shire, and Lanarkshire, flowing 13 miles SAV”. to the
Clyde 5 miles SE. of Glasgow.

Calder, South, a stream of Lanarkshire, flowing 11
miles SW. to the Clyde 14 mile above Bothwell Bridge.

Calder Vale, eccl. dist., Garstang and Lancaster
pars., N. Lancashire, 4 miles N. of Garstang, pop. 903.

Calder, West, par. and town with ry. sta., AV. Edin-
burghshire, 15f miles SW. of Edinburgh and 30£ miles
E. of Glasgow—par., 21,089 ac. (303 water), pop. 7681;
town, pop. 2291; P.O., T.O., 1 Bank; coal, ironstone,
bituminous shale, and limestone are worked.

Calderwood Castle, seat, East Kilbride par., NAY.
Lanarkshire, on the Rotten Calder, 2 miles SW. of
High Blantyre ry. sta.; has for more than 500years
been the seat of a branch of the Maxwell family.

Calderwood, Long, hamlet, in par. and 14 mile NE.
of East Kilbride ry. sta., NW. Lanarkshire.

Caldew, affluent of river Eden, W. Cumberland;
rises on E. side of Skiddaw, and flows NE. to the Eden
at Carlisle; 25 miles long.

Caldewgate, township, St Mary’s par., Carlisle city,
Cumberland, 1700 ac., pop. 13,679.

Caldham, hamlet, Marykirk par., S. Kincardine-
shire, on Luther Water, 34 miles SW. of Laurencekirk.

Caldicot.—hundred, SE. Monmouthshire, 80,174 ac.,
pop. 16,656; contains 30 pars.—2. Caldicot, par. and
vil., SE. Monmouthshire, 44 miles SW. of Chepstow,
1938 ac. land and 1220 water, pop. 1401; P.O; contains
remains of Caldicot Castle,

Caldicott (Bedfordshire). See Caldecott.

Caldmore, eccl. dist. (St Michael) and hamlet, Wal-
sall par., Staffordshire, pop. 6611; P.O.

Caldon Canal, NW. Staffordshire; extends from
Apedale Hall SE. to Handford, and on to Grand
Trunk Canal at Stoke-upon-Trent.

Caldra, seat, Fogo par., SE. Berwickshire, 3 miles
SW. of Duns ry. sta.

Caldron Linn, series of romantic waterfalls, on river
Devon, SE. Perthshire, 2§ miles E. of Dollar.

Caldron Snout, waterfall on river Tees, near its
source, on E. border of co. Durham.

Caldstane Slap, pass (1300 ft.), between Peebles-
shire and Edinburghshire, 64 miles SE. of Mid Calder.

Caldwell.—township, Stanwick par., North-Riding
Yorkshire, 8 miles N. of Richmond, 1589 ac., pop. 175.
—2. Caldwell, hamlet, Rothley par., N. Leicestershire,
4 miles NE. of Melton Mowbray.—3. Caldwell (Derby).
See Cauldwell.

Caldwell.—seat, in par. and 44 miles E. of Beith, N.
Ayrshire ; has for 500 years been the seat of the Mures.
—2. Caldwell, ry. sta., Neilston par., S. Renfrewshire,
1J mile NE. of Caldwell and 124 miles SW. of Glasgow.

Caldy, township. West Kirby par., W. Cheshire, on
Dee estuary, 64 miles NW. of-Great Nelston, 754 ac.,
882 tidal water, and 782 foreshore, pop. 187.

Caldy and St Margaret, 2 islands, off SE. coast of
Pembrokeshire, 3 miles S. of Tenby, separated from the
mainland by Caldy Sound, 472 ac., pop. 89; on S. side
of Caldy is a lighthouse, with fixed light seen 20 miles.

Cale, affluent of river Stour, Somerset and Dorset, at
Sturminster Newton; 12 miles long.

Caledon, market town with ry. sta. (Tynan and
Caledon), Aghaloo par., S. co. Tyrone, onriver Black-
water, 8 miles W. of Armagh and 106 N. of Dublin by
rail, pop. 562; P.O., T.O., 1 Bank. Market-days, Thurs-
day and Saturday. In vicinity is Caledon House, seat
of the Earl of Caledon.

Caledonian Canal, a ship canal, in the counties of
Inverness and Argyll, extending from the Moray Firth
to Loch Linnhe, and formed by uniting Lochs Ness,
Oich, Lochy, and Eil by a navigable channel. It was
begun in 1805, opened in 1822, and completed in 1847 ;

Gazetteer of the British Isles, Statistical and Topographical, by John Bartholomew, F.R.G.S.

Edinburgh: Adam and Charles Black, 1887. Public domain image from Gedcomindex.com