Dnnvvood.—par., S. Hants, 3 miles SAY. of Romsey,
261 ac., pop. 9.—2. Dnnvvood, hamlet, 3 miles SAY. of
Leek, N. Staffordshire.

Dnnworth, hundred, S. Wilts, 26,664 ac., pop. 6172;

contains 13 pars.

Dnnyardll, shooting-lodge, near Loch Dun na Seil-
cheig, in co. and 9 miles S. of Inverness.

Dnpath Well, spring, near Callington, E. Cornwall;
is arched over with a small baptistry of granite, thought
to be at least 600 years old.

Duppas Hill, hamlet, near Croydon, E. Surrey.

Dupplin Castle, seat of the Earl of Kinnoull and
Viscount Dupplin, in co. and 5£ miles SAY. of Perth.

Dura Den, ravine and vil., Kemback par., Fifeshire,
2^ miles E. of Cupar, pop. (including Blebo and Kem-
back Mills) 380; P.O., called Dnraden; fossil ganoid
fish have been found here in the yellow sandstone ; in
vicinity is Dnra House.

Dnrdans, seat of Lord Rosebery, 2 miles SW. of
Epsom, W. Surrey.

Durdham Down, Bristol. See Re gland.

Dnrdle Bay, on coast of Dorset, 8m. E. of AVeymouth.

Durgan, hamlet, in par. and 4 miles SE. of Con-
stantine, AY. Cornwall.

Durham.—co. palatine and maritime co., in N. of Eng-
land ; is bounded N. by the Derwent and the Tyne, be-
yond which is Northumberland; E. by the North Sea; S.
by the Tees, beyond which is Yorkshire; and W. by Cum-
berland and AYestmorland; greatest length, 48 miles;
greatest breadth, 40 m.; length of coast line, 32 m.; area,
647,592 ac.; pop. 867,258. The western portion of the
co. consists of hill-ranges, enclosing fertile valleys ; the
eastern portion, in which the prevailing rocks are mag-
nesian limestone and new red sandstone, is more level;
in the central districts are the coal measures. In the
valleys, and in the neighbourhood of the rivers, espe-
cially the Tees, the soil is very fertile. The chief corn
crops are wheat and oats; the chief green crops are
potatoes and turnips. A hardy breed of horses is
raised on the moors in the west, and in the fertile pas-
tures of the valleys a breed of cattle which is unsur-
passed for dairy purposes. (For agricultural statistics,
see Appendix.) The principal mineral products are lead,
iron, millstone, and coal. The coalfields are the most
important in the kingdom. The principal mfrs. are
chemicals, glass, and earthenware; shipbuilding and
sail-making; paper-making ; woollen and worsted stuffs,
&c. There are also large ironworks and machine fac-
tories. Durham has great facilities of transport. The
co. comprises 4 wards, 269 pars., the pari, and mun.
bors. of Darlington, Durham, Gateshead, Hartlepool,
South Shields (1 member each), and Sunderland (2
members), the greater part of the pari, and mun. bor.
of Stockton (1 member), and the mun. bor. of Jarrow.
It is entirely in the diocese of Durham. For pari, pur-
poses it is divided into 8 divisions, viz., Jarrow, Hough-
ton le Spring, Chester le Street, North-Western, Mid,
South-Eastern, Bishop Auckland, and Barnard Castle,

1 member for each division.—2. Dnrliaiu, capital
of the co., parliamentary and municipal bor.^episcopal
city, and market town, 12 miles S. of Newcastle,
60 N. of York, and 256 N. ot London by rail—pari, bor.,
967 ac., pop. 15,372; mun. bor., 880 ac., pop. 14,932;

2 Banks, 2 newspapers. Market-day, Sat. Durham is
situated on a rocky eminence (‘ ‘ Dunholme, ” ‘ ‘ Durcsme, ’ ’
“ Durham,”) nearly surrounded by the river Wear. It
dates from the 10th century, when the monks of Lin-
disfarne, after the ravaging of Holy Island by the
Danes, rested there with the body of St Cuthberc, and
built a chapel for its reception. The present cathedral
dates from 1093. The castle, said to have been erected
by William the Conqueror, became the chief residence
of the bishops of Durham ; it is now appropriated to the
uses of the university. The university, founded by
Cromwell in 1646, and dissolved after the Restoration,
was re-established by Act of Parliament in 1833. Be-
sides the university, the educational institutions com-
prise a grammar-school founded by Henry VIII., a
diocesan training-school for schoolmistresses, blue-coat,
and other schools. The only industries of any im-
portance are a carpet factory, and a large mill for the
mfr. of “Durham mustard.” In the vicinity are coal-
mines. Butler (1692-1752), author of The Analogy, was
bishop. The bor. returns 1 member to Parliament.

Gazetteer of the British Isles, Statistical and Topographical, by John Bartholomew, F.R.G.S.

Edinburgh: Adam and Charles Black, 1887. Public domain image from Gedcomindex.com