cutlery. A treaty between the protestant and
catholic cantons was concluded here in 1712. It
is seated on the river Aar, 27 m. W. of Zurich.

Aravco, a district extending from the 42nd to
the 37th deg. of S. lat. on the shore of the Pacific
Ocean, bounded on the E. hy the Andes, and is
considered as belonging to Chile, but it is inhabi-
ted almost exclusively by natives, who have not
only successfully resisted every attempt of the
Spaniards to become masters of the country, but
frequently made incursions into their terriiory.
The district contains both gold and silver, is wa-
tered by several streams, is very fertile, and
the climate is delightful. The Spaniards con-
structed a fort about 40 m. S. of Concepcion, (na-
med after the district) as a defence against the
incursions of the Araucans.

Araxes, or Aras, a river of Asia, which rises in
Georgia, flows S. E. across Armenia, and joins
the Kur, near its entrance into the Caspian Sea.
It is a very rapid river, and is supposed to be the
Gihon mentioned by Moses.

Arbe, an island 30 m. in circumference, on the
coast of Dalmatia, from which it is 5 m. distant.
The soil is rich, but the inhabitants are indolent.
It has a town of the same name. Long. 14. 55.
E. lat. 45. 5. N.    xe2x80x9e

Arberg, a town of Switzerland, in the canton
of Berne, on an island formed by two branches
of the Aar. It is 10 miles W. by N. of Berne.

Arbel, a town of Asiatic Turkey, in Curdistan,
ancient Arbela, near which Alexander defeated
Darius. Here are the remains of an ancient cas-
tle, and in the vicinity are naptha pits. It is
seated in an extensive plain 36 m. N. of Altunku-
pri, and 50 E. of Mosul.

Arbela, p.v. Lancaster Co. Pa. 45 m. E. Harris-
burg.

Arbois, a town of France, in the department of
Jura, famous for its white wines. It is 22 m. S.
W. of Besaneon.

Arboga, a town of Sweden, Westmanland,
seated on the Ulvison, by which river, and a ca-
nal, it has a communication with the lakes Hiel-
mar and Maelar. It is 25 m. E. N. E. of Orebro,

Arbon, a town of Switzerland, situate on a
point of land jutting into the lake of Constance,
12 m. S. E. of Constance.

Arbroath. See Aberbrothwiek.

Arburg, a town of Switzerland, in the canton
of Berne, with a citadel on a rock, seated on the
Aar, opposite Olten, 12 m. E. of Soleure.

Arcadia, a division of Modern Greece, in the
central part of the Morea.

Arcadia, a town on the west coast of the Morea,
near the gulf of its name, W. of the above di strict,
22 m. north of Navarino. Long. 21.42. E. lat. 37.

24. N.

Archangel, a large province of Russia, boun-
ded on the north by the Arctic Ocean. It is di-
vided into eight circles; viz. Archangel, Chen-
courisk, Cholmegar, Kem, Kola, Meson, Onega,
and Senega. It is a very dreary district, especial-
ly the eastern part; it supplies some fir timber
and deals, and contains many wild animals, which
are slaughtered for their fat; and tallow and bris-
tles form great articles of export.

Archangel, or St. Michael, the chief town of
the above province, is situate on the east bank of
the Dwina River, a short distance above its en-
trance into a bay of the White Sea, in N. lat. 64.

34. E. long. 38. 59. It was for many years the
principal sea-port of Russia, and was first resort-
ed to by the English in 1553, and although
greatly declined in importance since the building
of St. Petersburg, it still exports considerable
quantities of tallow, deals, and some bristles ; but
as it is only attained by the dreary coast of Nor
way, and the North Cape, in lat. 71. 10., it is ac-
cessible only a few months in the year, in July,
August, and September, during which short peri-
od it is resorted to by 60 or 70 sail of vessels an-
nually, principally English. It wins nearly de-
stroyed by fire in 1793, but has since been rebuilt
with neatness, principally of winod, the severity
of the winter being counteracted by stoves. Pop.
about 7,000, who have about a dozen churches,
one Lutheran, one Calvinist, and the others
Greek. Archangel is about 400 m. N. E. of St
Petersburg.

Archer, t. Harrison Co. Ohio.

Archipelago, is a term applied to a cluster or
group of islands, hence the Grecian, Eastern,
Northern, &c. &c.; but the most celebrated group
is the Grecian, at the head of the Mediterranean
sea, having Romania on the north, Natoliaon the
east, the isle of Candia on the south, Macedonia,
Livadia, and the Morea on the west. It is partly
in Europe, and partly in Asia, containing the isl
ands of Rhodes, Negropont, Lemnos, Tenedos,
Scyros, Mytilene, Scio, Samos, Patmos, Paros,
Antiparos, Cerigo, Santorini, Andros, Tina,Nax-
ia, Milo, Delos, Argentiera, and many others.

Archipelago, Northern, a part of the Pacific
Ocean, having the peninsula of Kamschatka on
the west, and the coast of America on the east.
It includes a number of islands, among which are
four principal groups. The first, called Sasignan,
contains five islands; the second, called Khoa,
includes eight islands; and both these groups to-
gether are styled the Aleutian Islands. The
third group is called the AnpreofFski Ostrova, and
comprises 16 islands. The fourth group is the
Lissie Ostrova or the Fox Islands, 16 in number.
They all belong to Russia, and are valuable chiefly
for die skins of animals found there, particularly
the sea-otter. See Fox Islands.

Arcis-sur-Aube, a town of France, in the depart-
ment of Aube, seated on the river Aube, 15 m.
north of Troyes.

Arco, a town and castle of Germany, in Tyrol,
taken by the French in 1703, and abandoned soon
after. It stands on the Sarca, near the head cf
the lake Garda, and 15 m. W. S. W. of Trent.

Arcos, a town of Spain, in Andalusia, seated on
a craggy rock, on the river Guadalete, 28 m. N.
E. of Cadiz. It is the residence of the vicar gen-
eral of the metropolitan church of Seville. There
are several other towns of the same name in Spain
and Portugal.

Arcot, a city of Hindoostan, capital of the Car
natic, which became subject to the English East
India Company in 1801. The citadel is large _
and esteemed a place of some strength; but the
nabob often resides at Madras. In the vicinity
are several celebrated temples, visited by numer
ous pilgrims. Arcot has a manufacture of coarse
cotton cloth. It is seated on the south bank of
the Paliar, 66 m. W. by S. of Madras, and 180 E.
by N. of Seringapatam. Long. 79. 24. E. lat. 12.

51. N.

Ardagh, the name of a barony in the county of
Longford, Ireland, containing 9 parishes, and the
towns of Longford and Edgworthstoun; a parish of
the same name, in 1822, contained a population
of 4,962, and which, united with Kilmore gives
name to a bishopric, but there is neither cathedral
nor episcopal residence in Ardagh. There are