a coanty of itself, having a separate jurisdiction.
The principal church, which its collegiate, is a
spacious gothic edifice; it has several catholic
.establishments of friars and nuns, a county infirm-
ary, exchange, and several other public buildings.
Pop. in 1820, 27,775.

Galway Bay, extends about 20 m. from W. to
E., and is from 7 to 20 m. wide ; the South Arran
Isles stretch across the entrance.    ⁴

Galway, p.t. Saratoga Co. N. Y. Pop. 2,710.

Gambia, a noble river in Africa, falling into the
Atlantic Ocean by several channels between the
lat. of 12. and 13. 45. N. Cape St. Mary, the S.
point of entrance to the main channel, is in the
lat. of 13. 8. N.; and 16. 33. of W. long. The
banks for about 100 m. from the mouth are low
and swampy, but higher up, the river flows
through a delightfully fertile country, interspersed
with numerous towns and villages. At a distance
of about 400 m. from its mouth, the navigation
is impeded by falls, and above them but little is
known of its course.

Gambron. See Gombron.
Gana, Ganara. See Ghana.

Ganah, a town of the empire of Cassina, in the
interior of North Africa, 230 m. N. by E. of
Agades. Long. 14. 30. E., lat. 24. 40. N.

Gandersheim, a town of Lower Saxony, in the
duchy of Bruns wick-Wolfenbuttel. with a celebra-
ted convent. 17 m. S. W^T. of Goslar.

Gandia, a town of Spain, in Valencia, with a
small university : seated on a river, near its en-
trance into the gulf of Valencia. 32 m. S. E. of
Valencia, and 48 N. by E. of Alicant. Pod. about

6,000.

Gandicotla, or Wandieotta, a town and fortress
of Hindoostan, in the circar of Cuddapa, near
which is a diamond mine. It is seated on a lofty
mountain, by the river Pennar, 33 m. W. N. W.
of Cuddapa.

Gangapatnam, a town of Hindoostan, in the
Carnatic, at the mouth of the Pannar, 94 m. N.
of Madras. Long. 80.12. S., lat. 14. 24. N.

Gangea, or Ganja, a town of Persia, in the
province of Eviran_r 105 m. S. by E. of Teflis.
Lxc2xbbng45. 50. E.,lat. 41.10. N.

Ganges, a celebrated river of Asia, which has
its source in two springs, on the W. side of Mt.
Kentaiffe, in Tibet, in the lat. of 34. N., and 82.
ofE. long. The 2 streams take a W. direction
for 300 m. when meeting the ridge of Himmaleh,
they turn S., unite their waters, and form what is
properly called the Ganges, from the Hindoo
word Ganga, which signifies a river ; a term giv-
en it bv wav of eminence. This great body of
water now forces a passage through the ridge of
Himmaleh at the distance of 400 m. below the
place of its first approach, and rushing through a
cavern, precioitates itself into a vast basin, at the
hither foot of the mountain. The Ganges thus
appears, to incurious spectators, to have its source
from this chain of mountains. Superstition has
given to the mouth of the cavern the form of the
Beau of a cow ; an animal held by the Hindoos in
great veneration: and it is therefore called the
Gangotri, or the Cow's Mouth. From this place
it takes a S. E. direction through the country of
Sirinagur, until, at Hurdwar, it finally escapes
from this mountainous tract in which it has wan-
dered 800 m. From Hurdwar, where it gushes
through an opening in the mountains, and enters
, Hindoostan, it flows 1,20*3 m. with a smooth nav-
j igable stream, through delightful plains, to the
bay of Bengal, which it enters by several mouths,
41
that form an extensi vcdelta, in the lat. of 22. N
and between 88. and 91. of E. long. In its course
through these plains, it receives 11 rivers, some
of them larger and none smaller than the Thames,
besides many of inferior note ; the principal of
which are the Gogra, Cossy, and the Burampoo-
ter from the N., and the Jumna, Soane, and Dum-
mooda from the S. In the annual inundation of
this river, which on an average rises 31 feet, the
country is ovefiowed to the extent of more than
100 m. in width. The Ganges is, in every re-
spect, one of the most beneficial rivers in the
world ; diffusing plenty immediately bv means of
its living productions; and by enriching the
lands, affording an easy conveyance for the pro-
duction of its borders, and giving employment to
many thousand boatmen. It is no wonder, there-
fore, that the Hindoos regard this river as a kind
of deity, that they hold its waters in high vene-
ration, and that it is visited annually by a prodig-xe2x80x98
ious number of pilgrims from all parts of Hin-
doostan. See Hoogly.

Gangotri, a town of the country of Sirinagur,
seated on the Ganges, where that river rushes
through a cavern of the Himmaleh mountains,
170 m. N. N. W. of Sirinagur. Long. 76. 35. E.,
lat. 33. 8. N.

Gangpour, a town of Hindoostan, in Orissa,
capital of a circar of its name. It is 50 m. N. N.
E. of Sumbulpour, and 160 N. W. of Cuttack.
Long. 84. 10. E., lat. 22. 2. N.

Ganjam, a town of Hindoostan, in the circar
of Cicaole, on the bay of Bengal, at the mouth
of a river which is rarely navigable, near the S.
end of lake Chilca, 110 rn. N. E. of Cicaole.
Long. So. 20. E., lat 19. 22. N.

Gunnat. a town of France, in the department of
Allier, 30 m. S. of Moulins ; it is the seat of a
prefect.

Gap, a town of France, capital of the depart-
ment of Upper Alps, and lately a bishop’s see.
It has a fort called Puymore, and is seated on
the small river Bene, at the foot of a mountain,
in which some mineral waters are found, 348 m.
S. S. E. of Paris and 82 N. N. W. of Nice.

Gapsal, a town of Russia, in'the government
of Revel, on a small gulf of the Baltic, 36 m. W.
S. W. of Revel.

Garak. See Karek.

Gard, a department of the S. of France, in-
cluding part of the late province of Languedoc
It has its name from a rapid river which rises in
the department of Lozere, flows S. E. through
this department, and enters the Rhone, above
Beducaire. Itis bounded on the E. by the Rhone ;
the S. point jets upon the Mediterranean ; it par-
takes, however, more of the character of an interi-
or than a maritime district. It is rich in mines
of lead, calamine, antimony, manganese, gypsum,
&c. The vine and olive, and especially the lat-
ter, flourish luxuriantly.

> Garda, a town of Italy, in the Veronese, seated
on the E. shore of a lake of its name, 17 m. N. W.
of Verona.

Garda, Lake of, the largest lake in Italy, lying
between the territories of Verono and Brescia. It
is 30 m. long, and 20 where broadest; but not
above four towards its northern extremity, which
enters the principality of Trent ; its outlet is by
the Mincio, which runs past Mantua into the Po.

Gardefan, or Guardafui, a cape in the Indian
Ocean, the most easterly point of Africa. Long.
51. 10. E., lat. 11.40. N.

Garddeben, a town of Brandenburg, in the Old