castle and a palace, now in ruins; here is also
part of a monastery, which is still occupied. The
summer assizes are alternately held here and at
Croydon; but the election of members for the
county is always held here. It is a well built
town, with two churches, and an elegant town
hall. The' Wey is navigable to the Thames, and
the trade in timber and corn is considerable. It
is 23 m. W. S. W. of Croydon, and 29 S. W. of
London. It returns two members to parliament.
Pop. 3,161.

Guilford, an interior county of North Carolina,
a sq. of about 25 m. each way; it is well irrigated
by the head waters of Cape Fear river.. Pop.
18,735. Greensborough is the chief town.

Guilford, ph. Penobscot Co. Me. Pop. 655.
Also a ph. Strafford Co. N. H. Pop. 1,827. Also
a ph. of Connecticut, in New Haven county, sit-
uate on a bay in Long Island Sound, 17 m. E. by

S. of New Haven. Pop. 2,344. Also a ph. Chehan-

fo Co. N. Y. Pop. 2,634. Also townships in
rapklin Co.' Pa. and Medina Co. Ohio.

Guillac, or Gaillac, a town of France, seated on
the N. bank of the river Tarn, in the department
of Tarn ; it is the seat of a prefect. Pop. 7,310.
It is 35 m. N. E. of Toulouse, and 15 W. by S. of
Alby.

Guimaraens, a town of Portugal, in Entre
Douro e Minho, which has formerly been the res-
idence of its kings. It is divided into the old
and new town, the former situate on an eminence
surrounded by walls. Here is a manufacture of
linen in high estimation. The public buildings
are magnificent, and the collegiate church is said
to be founded on the ruins of a temple of Ceres.
It is 10 m. S. E. of Braga and 25 N. E. of
Oporto.

Guinea, Upper, an extensive region of North
Africa, comprising about 1,500 m. of sea coast,
from Cape Mesurado, in the lat. of 6. 26. N., and

10. 30. of W. long., to the Calabar river, in 4. 10.
N., and 6. 42. of E. long., and from thence S. to
the equator; of the interior parts of this country
either N. or S. very little is known. The coast
of Upper Guinea, from Cape Mesurado, to Cape
Palmas, a range of 240 m., is called hhe Grain
Coast, from the vast quantity of grains of paradise
or Guinea pepper which it was found to produce
on first being visited by Europeans ; further E.
for upwards of 2t)0 m. is called the Tooth or Ivory
Coast, from the large quantity of fine elephants
teeth which are brought to its markets ; eastward
of the Ivory Coast to the meridional line, is cal-
led the Gold Gold, from the gold dust which is
found in its rivers ; and eastward of the meridio-
nal line is called the Slave Coast, from the exten-
sive traffic in slaves which was formerly carried
on from thence by the English, Spaniards, French
and Americans, to the West Indies and America.
This extensive tract of territory is occupied by
various tribes and communities of negroes; the
most numerous are the Fantees who occupy
the coast from Cape Mesurado to the meridional
line ; from a long continued intercourse with Eu-
ropeans, the Fantees have acquired strong trad-
ing habits, and am ang them most of the trading
nations of Europe have formed settlements pro-
tected by forts. In the rear of the Fantees are
the Ashantees, who. although they appear to be
one people, live in continued hostility with each
other. North of the Ashantees, is a tribe called
the Chambas, who are represented as an amiable
and industrious people, diligent in the pursuit of
agriculture; and it was from this peaoeful and
social occupation from which the Ashantees were
wont to drag the people to the coast as slaves,
when that traffic was carried on by the English.
The cessation of this traffic seems to be the
cause of the revenge of the Ashantees who acted
as robbers and drovers to the inhabitants on the
coast, their enmity being extended to the English
whom they regard as the cause of the cessation;
and in 1823 and 1826, they waged for a time sue
'cessful war against the discipline and skill of the
British arms. The principal towns or trading
stations on this part of the coast, westward of the
meridional line, are Cape Coast Castle, Annama-
boe, and Anconah : eastward of the meridional line
is the kingdom of Dahomey, the principal town
of which, on the coast, is Griwhee, and in the
interior Abomey, distant about 90 m. The peo- j
pie of Dahomey are represented as fine looking
and industrious, their fields being productive in
maize, legumes, and yams, ana their pastures
well stocked with sheep, goats, and cattle. Great
ravages are frequently committed among them by
leopards and hyenas, whilst the termes or white
ants, insidously intrude in such vast numbers into
the habitations of the people, as to commit the
most destructive ravages before resistance can be
applied; there have been instances of their devour-
ing an ox in a single night, and persons debili-
tated by disease are liable to be attacked by them.
Another remarkable animal of Dahomey is a bat
ol enormous size ; they suspend themselves in
thousands by their claws, to the branches of trees,
immediately contiguous to the habitations of the
people. Eastward of Dahonjey on the banks of
a river about 25 m. from the sea, is the town of
Ardrah, with a pop. of from 7 to 10,000, which
seems an independent or free town under the pro-
tection of the Hios, a powerful and numerous
people, whose country extends 180 to 300 m. into
the interior. The country around Ardrah is
represented as exceedingly beautiful and produc-
tive in every variety of tropical vegetation; fur-
ther east is the town of Lagos, the country to
the northward of which is inhabited by the Jaboos,
a very industrious people, who manufacture great
quantities of cotton cloth, and whose country is
well cultivated, and rich in all the products of
agriculture; east of the Jaboos is the kingdom
of Benin, supposed to be very extensive, the cap-
ital of the same name is about 40 m. from the coast,
the sea-port being Gatto ; further east, extending
to the 10th degree of longitude, are the kingdoms
of Warre, and Old and New Calabar. It was
from this part of the coast from whence the most
active slave trade was carried on by the English,
a people from the interior called the Heebas, be-
ing the principal victims, and the town of Bonny
the principal market. Since the abandonment
of this traffic in slaves by the English, the inhab-
itants of this coast have directed their attention
to agriculture and commerce, and now export large
quantites of palm oil, ivory and dye woods. From
Old Calabar the coast extends to the south, which
is commonly Called Lower Guinea.

Guinea, Lower, consists ofBiafra, Calbonga,
Lopez, Malemba, Loango, Congo, Benguela,
&c. &c., it is from this part of the coast,
from whence the Brazilians still continue to draw
30 or 40,000 slaves annually. Malemba, in the
lat. of5.24. S., and 12.20.of E. long., is represent-
ed as having a very salubrious climate, and as
affording the most favourable spot on the whole
western coast of Africa for the residence of Eu-
ropeans. Off this coast, N of the equator, are the