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solution in the springs. The manufacture of salt
by boiling and evaporation is carried on in Galla-
tin county, 12 m. W. N. W. from Shawneetown ;
in, Jackson county, near Brownsville; and in
Vermilion county, near Danville. The springs
and land are owend by the State, and the works
leased. A coarse marble, much used in building,
is dug from quarries near Alton, on the Mississip-
pi, where large bodies exist. Scattered over the
surface of the prairies, are large masses of rock,
of granitic formation, roundish in form, usually
called by the people lost rocks. They will weigh
from one thousand to ten or twelve thousand
pounds, and are entirely detached, and frequently
are found several miles distant from any quarry.
There has never been a quarry of granite dis-
covered in the State.
Agriculture is thriving, but education in Illi-
nois is still in its infancy, and many of the settlers
have no proper view of its necessity and impor-
tance. Many adults, epecially females, are una-
ble to read or write, and many more, who are able
to read a little, cannot readily understand what
they attehipt to read, and therefore take no pleas-
ure in books and study. Common schools are usu-
ally taught some part of the year in most of the
settlements, but more frequently by teachers whol-
ly incompetent to the task. The Methodists are
the most numerous religious sect. This state is
divided in 52 counties, and has a pop. of 157,575,
of whom 746 are slaves. The capital is Vandalia.
The state was admitted into the Union in 1818.
The legislature is composed of a Senate and House
of Representatives called the General Assembly.
The Senates are chosen for 4 years and the Rep-
resentatives for 2. The governor is chosen for 4
years. Elections are popular, and suffrage is
universal. In the northern part are many Indian
tribes, as the Kaskas, Sauks, Foxes, Potawotam-
ies, &c.
Ilm, a town of Saxony, on a river of its name,
13 m. N. W. of Rudolstadt, and 14 S. by E. of
Erfurt.
Ilmen, a lake of Russia, in the government of
Novogorod, 48 miles long, and from 12 to 18
broad. Near it stands the city of Novogorod. It
communicates with lake Ladoga, by the river
Volkhof.
Ilmenau, a town of Saxe-Weimar, in Henne-
berg. Near it is a mineral spring; also a copper
and silver mine. It is seated near the source of
the Urn 17 m. E. S. E. of’Smalkalden.
Ilminister, a town in Somersetshire, Eng. with
a manufacture of narrow cloths. It is seated
among hills, near the river Ille, 26 m. S. VV. of
Wells, and 136 W. by S. of London.
Ilsley, a town in Berkshire, Eng. seated between
two hills, 14 m. N. W. of Reading, and 54 W. of
London.
Est, a town of the Netherlands, in Friesland,
seated on the Weymer, 12 m. S. of Lewarden.
Ilstrop, a town of Sweden, in W. Gothland,
27 m. S. S. E. of Gotheburg.
Iltcn, a town of Hanover, in the province of
Luneburg, 16 m. S. S. W. of Zell.
Utzhofen, a town of Prussian Saxony, 8 m. N.
E. of Halle.
Imbro, an island in the Grecian Archipelago,
about 20 m. in circumference. It is mountainous
and woodv, and affords plenty of game. Long.
25. 44. E.,*lat. 40. 10. N.
Imeritia, a country of Asia, lying E. of the
Black Sea; bounded on the S. by Turkey, W. by
Mingrelia, N. by Osseta, and E. by Georgia, of
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which it is properly speaking, a part. The inhab
itants estimated at not more than 20,000 families,
are scattered over the country in small hamlets.
They send yearly considerable quantities of wine
to the neighbouring parts of Georgia, in leathern
bags, carried by horses: but they are without
manufactures, very poor and miserable, and cruel-
ly treated by their landlord. Cutais, or Cotatis,
is the capital.
Immenstadt, a town of Bavaria, in the circle
of the Upper Danube, situate on a small river
which soon after joins the Iller, 12 m. S. of Kemp-
ton.
Imola, an episcopal town of Italy, in the dele-
gation of Ravenna, with a strong citadel. It is
surrounded by walls, towers, and ditches ; con-
tains 16 churches and 17 convents; and is seated
on the Santerno, 13 m. W. by S. of Ravenna
and 45 N. N. E. of Florence.
Inchbroyoek, a small island of Scotland, in For-
farshire, within the mouth of the South Esk, neai
Montrose, with which it communicates by a draw-
bridge. It has also a large and convenient dry v
dock.
Inchcolm, a small island of Scotland, in the
frith of Forth;; near the village of Aberdour, on
the coast of Ifcfe. Here is the ruins of a famous
monastery, founded by Alexander I.in 1123, to
commemorate the hospitable treatment he receiv-
ed here from a hermit.
Inchgarvie, a small island of the frith of Forth,
nearly in the middle of the passage over the
Queensferry.
Inchkeith, a small island of the frith of Forth
lying midway between the ports of Leith and
Kinghorn. Here is a light-house, and also a
ruinous fort.
Inchmarnock, a small island of Scotland, on
the S. W. side of Bute. The ruins of a chapel
dedicated to St. Marnock are still to be seen ;
and on the W. side are vast strata of coral and
shells.
Indal, a town of Sweden, in Medelpadia, on
a river of the same name, near its entrance into
the gulf of Bothnia, 16 m. N. by W. of Sundia-
wald. *.
Indapour See Indrapour.
Inden Hotun, a town of Chinese Tartary capital
of the Mantcheou Tartars, 420 m. E. N. E. ol
Pekin.
Independence, a tc^vnship in Alleghany Co
N. Y. Pop. 877. Also townships in Sussex Co.
N. J. Cuyahoga Co. Ohio and Bond Co. Illi-
nois.
India, or Hind, a contraction of Hindoostan,
is a name often given to that region of Asia ly-
ing to the S. of Tartary, and between Persia and
China, with its independent islands. It contains,
besides Hindoostan, the Birman Empire, Siam,
Cochin China, Tonquin, Thibet, Japan, and Cey-
lon ; but is now, in its geographical features, more
usaily, and far more properly, described under
those respective heads, which see.
Indiana, one of the United States, bounded N
by Michigan Territory, E. by Ohio, S. by Ken
tucky : and W. by Illinois. It extends from 37.
45. to 41. 50. N. lat. and from 84. 42 to 87. 49. W
long. It is 287 m. long, and 255 broad, and con-
tains 36,000 sq.m. It is washed on the Southern '
boundary by the Ohio and traversed by the White
and Wabash rivers.
There are no mountains in Indiana; the cotin
try, however, is more hilly than Illinois, particu
laxly towards the Ohio river. A range of hills | |
