Jaquemel, a town of St. Domingo, on a bay of
its name, on the S. coast, 32 m. S. S. W. of Port
au Prince.

Jaques, a navigable river of Louisiana, which
falls into the Missouri.

Jaques Cartier, a river of Canada, so called
from the navigator who first explored the St. Law-
rence, into which it falls in long. 71. 41. W., lat.

46. 38. N.

Jargeau, a town of France, in the department
of Loiret. It was taken by the English in 1438,
and retaken by Joan of Arc the next year. It is
seated near the Loire, 10 m. E. S. E. of Orleans.

Jarisberg, a town of Norway, capital of a dis-
trict.abounding in mines, in the diocese of Ag-
gerhuys, 5 m. N. of Tonsberg.

Jarnac, a town of France, in the department of
Charente. Near this place the duke of Anjou,
afterwards Henry III., obtained a victory over
the Huguenots, in 1569. It is seated on the Cha-
rente, 20 m. W. of Angouleme.

Jaromitz, a town of Bohemia, seated on the
Elbe, 9 m. N. of Konigingratz.

Ja.ron, a town of Persia, in Farsistan, celebrated
for abundance of palm-trees, and their excellent
fruits. 89 m. S. by E. of Shiras. Long. 53. 10.
E., lat. 28. 15. N.

Jaroslau, a town of Poland, in Red Russia,
with a strong citadel. A battle was gained here,
bv the Swedes, in 1656, after which they took the
town. It is included in the kingdom of Galicia,
and seated on the Saine. 55 m. W. of Lemberg.
Long. 22.43. E., lat. 50.4. N.

Jaroslarl, or Jaroslav, agovernmen tof Russia,
formerly a province of the government of Mos-
cow. fts territorial extent is estimated at about

14,000 sq. m. and its inhabitants at 800,000. It is
divided into 10 circles, exclusive ofthe level call-
ed the Steppes of Jaroslav. The principal rivers
are the Wolga, the Schekna, and Mologa. The
chief trade is in cattle and wood. The capital,
of the same name, is a large commercial place,
and a bishop’s see, with numerous manufactures.
It is seated on the Wolga, 145 m. N. N. E. of
Moscow.

Jasenitz, a town of Hither Pomerania, seated on
the Oder, 10 m. N. of Stettin.

Jasqut. a town of Persia, in the province of
Mecran. which gives name to a cape in the gulf
ofOrmus. Long. 57. 4. E., lat. 55. 40. N.

Jasso, a town of European Turkey, capital of
Moldavia, and an archbishop's see, with a trade
n flsi.c n. hides, wool, wax, honey, tallow,
and canvass, large quantities of which are made
m the town and sent to Constantinople. In
a.53 it was destroyed by fire ; it was subsequent-
ly rebuilt and well fortified; but in 1788 the for
tificat.ons were demolished, excepting a small
fart. T.v? inhabitants are estimated at 12,000.
it has be-en several times taken in the wars be-
tween the Turks and the Russians or Austrians.
It is seated c-n the Pruth. 170 m. N. N. E. of
Bucharest, arsd 370 N. of Constantinople.

Jauer. a town Silesia, capital of a principal,
.tv of the same name, with a citadel, and a large
square.snrronnded bv piazzas. It has manufac-
tures of wc-:-kn and c raton, and a trade in flax
and yam. It is seate-i in a fine country on the
rivulet Jaaer. 35 in W. bv S. of Breslau. Long.
16. 23. xc2xa3.. lat. 51. *2 N.

Jauhmis, a town of France, in the department
ol Vienne, 6 m. N. of Poitiers.

Jauru, a river of Brazil, in Matto-Grosso,
which rises in the plains of Pazexis, in long. 58.

30. W., lat. 14.42. S., and, after a long S. and S.
E. course falls into the Paraguay in let. 16. 24.
S. At its mouth is erected a beautiful pyramid
of marble, bearing inscriptions commemorative
of the treaty between Spain and Portugal, whicn
defined the boundaries of their respective territo-
ries. On its banks are extensive salt-pits, from
which the province of Matto-Grosso derives
large quantities of salt.

Java, an island of the E Indies, lying to the
S. of Borneo, and separated at its W. end from
Sumatra, by the strait of Sunda. It is some-
times called Great Java, to distinguish it from
Bali, by some named Little Java ; and is 640 m.
in length, and of various breadth, extending
from 105. to 116. E. long., and 6. to 9. S. lat.
The land is low, and in some places marshy, j
near the shore, vvtfiichrenders the air unhealthy ;
but it rises in a gradual slope towards the inte-
rior of the country, admitting in its ascent eve-
ry variety of situation and verdure. Rice is the
staple production of the island, and is exported
in considerable quantity. Sugar, pepper, cotton,
and coffee, are produced in abundance. Indigo,
of a very superior quality, is also cultivated ;
and wheat, barley, oat3, and Bengal grain, thrive
well, and might be produced in great abundance,
if due attention were bestowed on their culture.
The N. coast has a great many commodious
creeks, bays, harbours, and towns, with many little
islands near the shore The inhabitants are
chiefly Javanese ; next to these are the Malays ;
and in the sea-ports a considerable number of
Chinese are settled. The Javanese inhabit all
tne interior parts of the island, and are in gener-
al the cultivators of the soil. They are de-
scribed as a barbarous, proud and fierce people, of
a brown complexion, short, coal-black hair, large
cheeks, small eyes, and large eyebrows. The
men are very robust and strong limbed ; the women
are small, but of pleasing countenance, and in
some districts they are really beautiful. The men
wear a piece of calico, which is the principal
manufacture of the island, wrapt two or three
times round their middle ; and the women wear
them from their armpits down to their knees ;
but all other parts are bare. The men have twin
or three wives, and several concubines, according
to their circumstances. The Javanese appear,
from remains of temples and inscriptions, to be
of Hindoo descent, and their language is quite
distinct from that of the Malays : but the pro-
fessed religion of both is Mahomedism. The
Malays principally inhabit along the coast. They
are not so well featured as the Javanese ; but
the men are often very muscular and well made.
They are generally indolent, but at the same time
restless, vindictive, and treacherous. The Chi-
nese are distinguished by their habits of- indus-
try, and generally by their wealth. Many of
them carry on a considerable trade with their na-
tive country, and the several islands of the eas-
tern archipelago. They intermarry with the Ja-
vanese and Malays, and purchase female slaves
for wives and concubines. This island has very
high mountains, particularly the Pepper Moun-
tain on the S. side; it has, likewise, impassable for-
ests and wildernesses ; but to the N., between
Batavia andfBantam, is a very populous country,
full of rice fields, and plenty of salt and pepper, be-
sides most sorts of fruits proper to the climate.
Here are also plenty of hogs, beeves, and sheep,
with other tame animals ; and likewise fowl, wild
and tame, in great abundance. In the woods are