particularly the bear; and wild fowl are also
plentiful. The people of Kamtschatka may be
said to consist of three sorts, the Kamtschadales
the Russians, and Cossacks, and a mixture produc-
ed by their intermarriages. The habitations of
the natives consist of three different kinds, which
they call jourts, balagans, and log-houses. They
inhabit the first in the winter, and the second in
the summer ; in the third, introduced by the Rus-
sians.only the wealthy people reside. The exter-
nal appearance of a jourt resembles a round, squat
hillock; a hole serving fora chimney, window,
and door, is left in the centre, and the inhabitants
go in and out by the assistance of a long pole,
having notches deep enough to afford a little se-
curity for the toe. The upper garment of the
Kamtschadales resemble a wagoner’s frock ; if
for summer wear it is made of nankeen; if intended
for winter it is made of skin, having one side
tanned, and the hair preserved on the other,
which is worn innermost; a close jacket of nan-
keen, or other cotton stuff, is the next under this;
and, beneath that, a shirt made of thin Persian
silk, of any colour. They wear long breeches,
and boots, made of skins, with the hair innermost.
They have also a fur cap, with two flaps, that
are usually tied up close to the head, but allow-
ed to fall round the shoulders in rough weather.
A species of dog, resembhng the mountain or
shepherd dog of Europe, is used for the purposes of
labor and draught. None of the inhabitants keep
fewer than five of these dogs, which in winter
are fed upon offals or decayed fish : in summer,
when their services are not required, they are left
to range over the country and provide for them-
selves ; but on the approach of winter they re-
turn home in the most punctual manner. They
are harnessed to a sledge, two abreast, with one
well trained in front as a leader, and are used both
for travelling and for conveying all sorts of com-
modities from place to place. The Russians made
themselves masters ofthe whole of this peninsula
in 1706; but the government they have establish-
ed is exceedingly mild, the inhabitants being per-
mitted to choose their own magistrates. Skins
and furs form the only articles of trade, in return
for which they import brandy (the introduction
of which has been attended with the most de-
structive effects), nankeens, and other Chinese
stuffs, together with various commodities of Rus-
sian and European manufacture.

Kamisc.haAoi. .'uznei, a town of Siberia, capital
of Kamtsciiatka, w ith a citadel, arsenal, and bar-
racks It is seated on the N. side of the river
Kamtschatka. 29 m. from its mouth. Lon*. 161
",D. E., lat. 56 30. N.

Kamts-r-cAoi. J’erchni, a town of Siberia, in
Kamtsckatxa. on the river Kamtschatka, 120 m.
S. AV. of Nisei Kamtschatkoi.

Ke.vitav. ⁿr Kinkaica,Great,a river of Virginia.
It rises in N :rtu Carolina and flows North and
Northwesterly t a the Ohio at Point Pleasant. It
is 400 m Ling Tne Little Kanahwa flows into
the Ohio at ft arkersburg 12 m. below Marietta.

Kandahar. See Candahar.

Kcnrm. a tvsm of the empire of Bornou, in a
province of the same name, where are bred mul-
titudes of cattle and horses. It is seated on the
Gazel, 150 m. N. N. AV. of Bornou.

Kangaroo Island, an island on the S. coast of
New Holland, discovered by captain Flinders,
and so named from the number of kangaroos found
on it. which were extremelv tame. Kangaroo
Head is in long. 137. 58. xc2xa3., lat. 35. 43. S.

Kanisca, a strong town of Lower Hungary
capital of the county of Salawar; seated on the
Drave, 100 m. S. by E. ofVienna. Long. 17. 40.
E., lat. 46. 55. N.

Kansas, r. a branch of the Missouri from the
south west between the Platte and the Arkansas.
It is formed of several branches, which interlock
with the head streams of the above rivers, and
flowing easterly 400 m. unite into a single stream
half a m. in width. This flows 100 m. further and
joins the Missouri at a point which constitutes the
western limit of the State of Missouri.

Kan-tcheou, a city of China, of the first rank, in
the province of Kiang-si. Its district contains 12
cities of the third class; and the soil prodiiees a
great number of trees, whence distils a tne var-
nish, reckoned the best in Clnna. It is seated on
the Kan-kiang, 840 m. S. of Peking. Long. 115.

2. E., lat. 25. 52. N

Kao-tcheou, a city of China, of the first rank, in
the province of Quangtong. In its vicinity is found
a kind of marble, that represents naturally, river^,
mountains, landscapes, and trees : it is cut into
leaves, and made into tables, &c. Kao-tcheou
stands o.n a navigable river, 36 in. from the sea,
and 1,130 S. S. AV. of Peking.

Kaposioar, a fort af Lowinr Hungary, on the
river Kapos. which washes its w^ralls. It is 55 m.
AV. of Tolna. Long. 18. 13. E., lat. 46. 31. N.

Karahissar. See Aphiom.

Karsubanur, a town of the Crimea, noted for
its noble antique bath, and an ancient manufac-
ture of leather from the skins of Tauric goats. It
is situate on the Karasu, in a delightful valley,
34 m. W. of Caffa.

Karth, or GaraH, an island in the N. E. part of
the gulf of Persia, 5 m. long and 2 broad ; where
ships bound for Bassora generally call for pilots.
Long. 50. 26. E., lat. 29. 15. N.

Karleby, Gamla, a sea-port of Sweden, in E.
Bothnia, with a trade in hemp, salt, and ship-
building ; seated on the gulf of Bothnia, near the
influx of the river Karleby, 90 m. N. by E. of
Christinestadt. Long. 22. 20. E., lat. 63. 56. N.

Karleby, JYy, a town of Sweden, in E. Bothnia,
on the river Lappojock, 6 m. from the sea, and 20
S. of Gamla Karleby.

Kasan, the ancient Bulgaria, a government of
European Russia, lying on both sides the Volga,
between 46. 20. and 49. 40. of E. long., and 54.
and 57. of N. lat., and bounded by the govern-
ments of Viatka, Orenburg, Niznei-Novgorod, and
Simbirsk. Its extent is 22,000 square m.; its
pop. about 850,000, partly Russians and partly
Tartars, though of very mixed origin. It is water
ed by the Volga, the Kama, the Sura, the Viatka,
and the Kasanka, besides smaller streams and a
great number of lakes. It was formerly an inde-
pendent kingdom, belonging to the Kalmucs, to
whom the dukes of Moscow, with other petty
principalities of Russia, were tributary. But, in
1552, it was conquered hy Ivan Bassilowitz II.,
and annexed to Russia.

Kasan, a city of Russia, capital of the forego-
ing government, and an archbishop’s see. It has
an antique Tartar fortress, built of stone, several
churches, and 11 convents; and there are several
suburbs, one of them inhabited by Tartars. At
one end of the city is a manufacture of cloth for
the army. It has also manufactures of winolen,
cotto*a, lace and earthenware, with large soap
works and tanneries; and carries on an extensive
Hade. At a short distance from Kasan is a new
admiralty establishment , with a navigation