and an old fort, and numerous remains of Greek
inscriptions. It is 125 m. S. E. of Smyrna.
Long. 29. 24. E., lat. 36. 56. N.

Macro, or Maeronisi, an island of the Grecian
Archipelago, near the coast of Altica, 29 m. E.
of Athens. Long. 24 16. E., lat. 37. 30. N

Maetan. See Matan.

Macula, a sea-port of Arabia, in the province of
Hadramaut, 150 m. S. W. of Shibam. Long. 47.

50. E., lat. 13. 25. N.

Macungij, a township of Lehigh Co. Pa. 5 m. S.
W. Allentown.

Mac Veytown, p.v. Mifflin Co. Pa. 68 m. N. W.
Harrisburg.

Mac Williamstown, p.v. Chester Co. Pa.

Madagascar, an island lying on the eastern
coast of Africa, about 800 m. in length, 300 in
breadth, and 2,000 in circumference. It is inter-
sected throughout its whole length by a chain o.
lofty mountains, the scenery of which is in many
places strikingly grand and picturesque. The
climate is healthy and the soil extremely fertile ;
its products are rice, sugar, silk and potatoes. The
cocoa-nut, the banana, and other useful trees,
flourish here. The island rears no horses, or
camels, but large herds of oxen, some of which
come to an enormous size. The great bat whose
flesh is very delicate, is also found here. The in-
habitants are divided into a number of tribes, and
amount to more than 4,000,0C>0. The natives,
called Madaoinsses. are commonly tall and well
made, of an olive complexion, which in some is
pretty dark. ' Their hair is usually long and
black, curling naturally; their noses are small,
though not flat. They seem to have had a great
many Arabs among them, with whom they are
mixed ; and there are some of a yellowish com-
plexion, who have neater features than the rest.
Although a populous country, here are no cities
or towns, but a great number of villages at a small
distance from each other, composed of huts, with
doors so low that a boy of 12 years old cannot
enter them without stooping. They have neither
windows nor chimneys, and the roofs are covered
with reeds or leaves. Both men and women are
fond of bracelets and necklaces, and anoint their
bodies with grease or oil. Those that are dressed
in the best manner have a piece of cotton cloth,
or silk, wrapped round their middle; but they
generally make little use of clothing. Their beds
are only mats spread upon boards; and a piece of
w^r>ed cr stone serves them for a bolster. They
are very superstitious, and practise circumcision
and polygamy. Madagascar is happily exempt
from the ravages of the lion and the tiger, but
here are great numbers of locusts, which some
times swarm to such a degree as to darken the air.

ven away; and there are only some parts on the
coast yet known. The chief settlement was at
Port Dauphin, on the S. E. coast, in long. 47. 0.
E., lat. 25. 0. S., and the place most visited by the
Europeans is more to the N., called Fouleponte,
long. 49. 50. E., lat. 17. 40. S.

Madawaska, river, one of the heaa streams of
the St. John, in the northern part of the State of
Maine. Its whole course lies within the territory
which has lately been the subject of dispute be-
tween the American and British governments;
and according to the recent decision of the king
of the Netherlands it belongs to the British. At
the junctjon of this stream with the St. John’s
are several French settlements established by re-
fugees from Nova Scotia in the early part of the
last century. The inhabitants amount to about .
2,000.

Madalena, or Magdalena, a river of Terra Firma,
which rises in the mountains to the E. of Popay-
an, takes a northerly course of above 600 m. and
eniers the Carribean Sea, by several mouths, be-
tween Carthagena and St. Martha.

Madbury, a township of Strafford Co. N. H. II
m. N. W. Portsmouth, Pop. 510.

Madeira, an island in the Atlantic Ocean, 54 m.
long and 20 broad, and 250 N. by E. of Teneriffe.
The Portuguese discovered this island in 1419; it
was uninhabited, and covered with wood, and on
that account they called it Madeira. Prince
Henry, the next year, settled a colony here, and
not only furnished it with the plants and domestic
animals common in Europe, but procured slips of
the vine from Cyprus, and plants of the sugar-
cane from Sicily; and the sugar and wine of
Madeira quickly became articles of some conse
quence in the commerce of Portugal. The sugar-
works have since been removed, but its wine is
now in the highest estimation, especially such as
has been a voyage to the E. or W. Indies. The
scorching heat of summer and the icy chill of
winter are here unknown ; for spring and autumn
reign continually, and produce flowers and fruit3
throughout the year. The cedar tree is found in
great abundance, and the dragon tree is a native
of this island. Flowers nursed in the English
green-houses grow wild here in the fields; the
hedges are mostly formed of the myrtle, rose, jas-
mine, and honeysuckle ; while the larkspur, fleur-
de-lis, lupin, &c., spring up spontaneously in tho
meadows. There are few reptiles to be seen in
the island; the lizard is the most common Ca-
nary birds and gold-finches are found in the
mountains. The hog is the food most relished;
they are suffered to range among the mountains,
and are hunted and caught by dogs. Salted cod
is imported from America, and is the chief diet of
the poor. Madeira is well watered and populous.
The British factory settled in this island consists
of upwards of 20 commercial houses, and have
considerably more of its trade than the Portuguese.
In 1808 it surrendered to the English, but was
afterwards restored. Funchal is the capital.

Madely Market, a town in Shropshire, Eng. It
is celebrated for having afforded refuge to Charles

I., after the battle of Worcester. Here are some
very extensive iron works ; and a work for obtain
ing fossil tar from the smoke of coal. It is 9 m.
N. of Bridgenorth, and 147 N. W. ofLondon.

Madhugiri, a town of Hindoostan, in Mysore
with a strong hill-fort. In its vicinity much iron
is smelted, and a great number of cattle are bred.

It is seated amid hills and fertile valleys, 22 m
E. of Sera.

2 R