And Bay’s Mountains, are in the N. E. The sum-
mits of some of these mountains exhibit plateaus
of considerable extent, which admit of good roads,
and are inhabited and cultivated. The heights
subside as they approach the Mississippi and Ohio.
The mountains contain a great number of caverns,
which are among the most remarkable features of
the country. They are of so frequent occurrence
that very few have been explored ; and little more
is known of them, than that they abound in nitrous
earth. One of them has been descended 400 feet
below the surface, and found to consist of a smooth
limestone rock, with a stream of pure water at
the bottom, sufficient to turn a mill. A cave cn a
high peak of the Cumberland Mountain has a per-
pendicular depth that has never been fathomed.
The enchanted Mountains, which are portions of
the Cumberland ridge, exhibit some very singular
footprints of men, horses, and other animals dis-
tinctly marked in a solid rock of limestone. In
many cases they appear as if the feet which
marked them had slidden while the stone was in a
soft state. One of the tracks is 16 inches long
and 13 inches wide.

The whole state is well watered. The largest
rivers are the Cumberland and Tennessee, which
fall into the Ohio The Obian, Forked Deer,
Big Hatohee and Wolf rivers intersect the western
part of the State, and fall into the Mississippi.

The valleys of the small rivers are extremely
beautiful, and rich beyond any of the same de-
scription in the western states. The valleys of
the great streams of the Tennessee and Cumber-
land, differ little from the alluvions of the oth-
er great rivers of the West. On the small val-
leys are many fine plantations, and yet so lone-
ly that they seem lost among the mountains.

The climate is delightful, being milder than
in Kentucky, and free from the intense heat
which prevails in the southern portion of the
Mississippi valley. Snows of some depth are
frequent in the winter, but the summers, espe-
cially in the higher regions, are mild. In these
parts, the salubrity of the climate is thought
to equal that of any part of the United States;
but the low valleys where stagnant waters
abound, and the alluvions of the great rivers
are unhealthy. Maize is planted in the central
parts of the state early in April.

The soil in East Tennessee is remarkably fer-
tile, containing great proportions of lime. In
West Tennessee the soil is various, and the stra-
ta decend from the mountains in the following
order; first, loamy soil, or mixtures of clay and
sand ; next, yellow clay ; thirdly, a mixture of red
sand and red clay ; lastly, white sand. In the
southern parts, are immense beds of oyster shells,
on high table land, at a distance from the Missis-
sippi, or any other stream ; some of these shells
are of an enormous size. The soil of the valleys
and alluvions is extremely fertile.

Nearly all the forest trees of the western coun-
try are found in this state, but the laurel tribes
are not common Juniper, red cedar, and savin
cover the mountains. Apples, pears, and plums,
which are properly northern fruits, are raised in
great perfection The sugar maple is very abun-
dant.

Inexhaustible quarries of gypsum of the finest
quality abound in East Tennessee. Marble in
many beautiful varieties is abundant. Iron ore is
found in plenty, and some lead mines have been
worked. Salt springs are numerous, but the wa-
ter is not sufficiently strong to admit of their be-
ing made profitable. Nitrous earth abounds in
the saltpetre caves.

The gold region elsewhere described in the south
ern states, extends into the southeastern part of
Tenneseee. The spot affording the metal, is situ-
ated about 12 miles south of the Tel’ico plains,
near the Unika mountain, which separates this
state from North Carolina. The goid occurs in
small grains, and appears to have been produced
by the disintegration of the rocks which compose
the mountain. The gold is found in the small
rivulets and brooks, and also on the declivities
of the mountains, and very near their summits.
It is contained in a stratum of the soil of 10 or 12
inches in depth, and is separated from the earth
by washing.

Tennessee also contains an ore of zinc of an
excellent quality. The Cumberland mountains
are rich in coal. Manganese, roofing slate, and
magnetic iron ore may be also numbered among
the mineral productions.

This state is politically divided into 2 Districts,
East and West. The former has 22 counties and
the latter 40. The population is 684,822 of
whom 142,382 are slaves. Nashville is the capital.
The other considerable towns are Knoxville and
Murfreesborough. Agriculture is in a great
measure confined to the raising of cotton : but the
soil is well adapted to maize, wheat, rye, barley
and oats, which are all more or less cultivated.
There are some manufactures of iron,hemp,cotton
and cordage.

The legislature is called the General Assembly
and consists of a Senate and House of Represent-
atives. The members of both and the Governor
are chosen for 2 years. Suffrage is universal; and
the clergy are excluded from office. The Baptists
are the most numerous religious sect; they have
141 ministers; the Methodists 125,the Presbyteri
ans 80 and the Lutherans 10. There are colleges
at Greenville, Knoxville, and Nashville. Tennes-
see was settled by emigrants from Virginia and
North Carolina : the first settlements were made
between 1765 and 1770. In 1796 a constitution
was formed, and the territory was admitted into
the union as a state.

Tennis, a town of Egypt, situate on an island
in a lake of the same name, sometimes called
Lake Menzaleh, 23 m. S. E. of Damietta.

Tensaw, a river of Alabama, flowing into Mo
bile Bay, and formed by the union of the Alabama
and Tombigbee rivers. A river of Louisiana
joining with the Washitau to form Black River.

Tensaw, p.v. Baldwin Co. Alabama. .

Tenstaut, a town of Prussian Saxony, 10 m. N.
E. of Langensalza.

Ten-teheou, a city of China, of the first rank, in
Chang-tong, with a good port and a strong gar
rison. It is seated on the N. side of a peninsu-
la of the Yellow Sea, 250 m. S. E. of Pekin.
Long. 120. 50. E.,lat. 37. 20. N.

Tenderden, a town of Kent. 57 m. E. by S. of
London.

Tentugal, a town of Portugal, in Beira, 8 m. W.
N. W. of Coimbra.

Teramo, a town of Naples, in Abruzzo Ultra, 25
m. N. E. of Aquila.

Tarasso, a sea-port of Asia Minor, on the coast
of Caramania, and an archbishop’s see. It was
formerly called Tarsus, and was the capital of
Cilicia, the literary rival of Athens and Alexan-
dria, and the birthplace of the apostle Paul. It is
seated on the Mediterranean, 100 m. W. by N. ox
Alexandretta. Long. 35.15. E., lat. 37. 4. N.