also 300 tanneries, and 150 distilleries. Maple
angar is made in nearly every town and family in
the state; the average quantity made by each
farming family is estimated at 150 pounds, a-
mounting to 6 million pounds a year. Pot and
pearl ashes, and iron are also manufactured in va-
rious parts. There are manufactories of copper-
as from native sulphuret of iron at Strafford and
Shrewsbury.

xe2x96xa0 The legislature of Vermont is comprised in a
house of representitives called the General As-
sembly. There is no senate; each town has
one representative. The executive officers are
a Governor, Lt. Governor, and a council of
12, chosen annually by general ballot: all resi-
dents in the state of one year’s standing are vo-
ters. There is also a council of censors, chosen
every 7 years; they are 13 in number, and hold
their office for a year; their duty is to inquire
whether the constitution has been preserved in-
violate during the period preceding their appoint-
ment, and whether the legislative and executive
branches have done their duty, and to suggest al-
terations in the constitution. The legislature
meet at Montpelier in October. The Congrega-
tionalists have 203 churches, and 110 ministers.
Tjie Baptists 105 churches, and 56 ministers.
The Methodists have 44 ministers. The Episco-
palians have 11 churches. There are two Unita-
rian churches, one at Burlington and one at Brat-
tleboro’. There are colleges at Burlington and
Middlebury. Academies and schools are numer-
ous in this state as in other parts of New England.
Each town is obliged by law to support public
schools. Vermont was first explored by the
French settlers of Canada, but the earliest set-
tlement within the territory was made by the
English of Massachusetts, who in 1724, more
than 100 years after the discoveries in the north
ern parts of Champlain, established themselves
at Fort Dummer, on the Connecticut. Six years
after this, the Frencn advanced from Canada
down Lake Champlain, and settled at Crown
Point, and on the eastern shore of the lake. The
claim to the country was afterwards disputed by
N. Hampshire and New York. The British Par-
liament decided in favour of the latter state, but
much confusion and altercation were caused by
the conflicting grants of land made by the N.
Hampshire ana N. York governments. The dis-
putes thus occasioned, remained unsettled during
the revolutionary war, after which New York
compounded for her claim, and Vermont became
an independent state. She was received into the
Union in March 1797.

Vermont, p.v. Chatauque Co. N. Y.

Vernal, p.v. Genesee Co. N. Y.

Vernet, a town of France, department of Eas-
tern Pyrenees, 4 m. S. of Prades.

Verneuil, a town in the department of Eifre,
seated on the Aure, 22 m. S. W. of Evreux and
65 W. by S. of Paris.

Verneuil, a town in the department of Allier,
3 m. from the river Allier and 15 S. of Moulins.

Vernon, a town of France, in the department of
Eure, with a fortress at the end of the bridge over
the Seine, 27 m. S. E. of Rouen and 42 N. W.
of Paris.

Vernon, a township of Windham Co. Vt. on
the Connecticut. .Pop. 681. ph. Tolland Co.
Conn. 12 m. N. E. Hartford. Pop. 1,164. ph.
Oneida Co. N. Y. 18 m. W. Utica with manufac-
tures of glass. Pop. 3,045. also townships and
villages in Sussex Co N. J; Kent Co. Del.; Mont
gomery Co. Geo.; Clinton and Trumbull an'
Scioto Cos. Ohio.; Jennings Co. Ind,; Hickmar
Co. Ten.; Antaugo Co. Alab.

Veroli, a town of Italy, in Campagna di Roma
seated on the Cosa, 3 m. S. of Alatri.

Verona, a province of Austrian Italy, in the

fovernment of Venice, 35 m. long, and 27 broad,
t is a very fertile country, abounding in corn
wine, fruit, and cattle.

Verona, a city of Italy, capital of the foregoing
province, and a bishop’s see. It has three forts,
and is surrounded by thick walls, deep ditches,
and good ramparts. The river Adige divides it
into two parts, which communicate by foul
bridges. Most of the buildings are of marble,
above 30 kinds of which are found in the neigh-
bourhood ; but the streets are neither clean nor
straight; the best is that called the Corso, which
is pretty long, and there is a handsome square
called the Piazza d’Armi. This city is famous for
antiquities, the aus'. remarkable of which is the
Roman amphitheatre, of which seven rows of
benches of white marble are still entire ; but va-
rious repairs have been made from time to time.
In the town house are the statues of five illustrious
natives of Verona ; namely, Catullus, iEmilius
Marcus, Cornelius Nepos, the elder Pliny, and
Vetruvius. Besides the cathedral there are a
great number of churches and convents, and sev-
eral hospitals. The palaces of Bevilacqua and
Scipio Maffei contain many valuable paintings,
antiques, and other curiosities. The principal
trade arises from the manufactures of silk and
woolen, and next to them are those of gloves and
leather. Near the city is a delightful place, call-
ed Campo Marzo, where two annual fairs are held
in May and November. Verona has been often
taken, and when Italy was invaded by the French,
it was added to the kingdom of Italy. In 1814
it was ceded to Austria, and in 1822 the members
of the Holy Alliance met here to deliberate on
the affairs of Europe, lt is 20 m. N. N. E. of
Mantua and 54 W. of Venice. Long. 11. 18. E.,
lat. 45. 26. N. Pop. 60,000.

Verona. ph. Oneida Co. N. Y. on the Erie Canal.
120 m. W. Albany. Pop. 3,739.

Verovitza, a strong town of Sclavonia, seated
near the Drave, 65 m. N. W. of Essek.

Verrez, a tawn of the Sardinian states, in Pied
mont, with a fortress so strong by nature as to be
deemed impregnable. It is 15 m. S. S. E. of
Aosta and 35 N. of Turin.

Verrieres, a town of Switzerland, in the canton
of Neufchatel. The environs are celebrated for
excellent cheese. It is 6 in. E. N. E. of Pontar-
lier and 20 W. S. W. of Neufchatel.

Versailles, p.v. Ripley Co. Ind. 45 m. W. Cin
cinnati; p.v. Woodford Co. Ken. 12 m. W.
Lexington.

Versailles, a town of France, capital of the de

fartment of Seine-et-Oise, and a bishop’s see.
n the reign of Louis XlII. it was only a small
village, in a forest 30 m. in circuit; and here this
prince built a hunting seat in 1630, which Louis
XIV. enlarged into a magnificent palace, and it
was the usual residence of the kings of France
till 1789, when Louis XVI. and his family were
removed from it to Paris. The buildings and gar-
dens were adorned with a vast number of statues
by the greatest masters, and the water-works were
magnificent. The gardens, with the park, are 5
m. in circumference, and surrounded by walls
Versailles is 10 m. W. S. W. of Paris. Long. 2.
7. E.. lat. 48. 48. N.