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naked, except where they are covered with snow,
but the land bordering on the sea-coast is thickly
clothed with wood, almost down to the water’s
edge. The northernmost island, called Eaheino-
mauwe, has a much better appearance. It is, in-
deed, not only hilly, but mountainous; yet even
the hills and mountains are covered with wood ;
and every valley has a rivulet of excellent water.
The soil ot these valleys, and the plains, of
which there are many overgrown with wood, is
in general light, but fertile ; and it is supposed
that every kind of European grain, plants, and
fruits, would flourish here with the utmost luxu-
riance. The whole extent of the two islands is
estimated by Mr Nicholas, who visited them in
1814 and 1815, at 62,160 sq. m. or 39,782,400 sq.
acres. The winters are milder than in England,
and the summers not hotter, though more equally
warm. There are forests of vast extent, full of
the straightest and largest timber, fit for building
of any kind. The only native quadrupeds are
dogs and rats : the former are domestic, and for
food ; the latter, though not numerous, are also
eaten. The birds, like the vegetables, are almost
entirely peculiar to the country. The creeks
swarm with fish, which are equally delicious with
those of Europe. The rocks are furnished with
great quantities of excellent muscles, one sort of
which measures above a foot in length, and with
great variety of other shell-fish. The men are
stout and fleshy, but not corpulent, and are ex-
ceedingly vigorous and active. The women in
general are smaller than the men, and are chiefly
distinguished by the softness of their voices. The
bodies of both sexes are marked with black stains,
called amoco, which is the same as tatooing at
Otaheite. Their dress is also the same with that
of the natives of that island. Their houses are
miserable lodgings ; and their only furniture con-
sists in a few small baskets, in which they put
their fishing-hooks and other trifles. Their food
consists chiefly of fish, with which, instead of
bread, they eat the root of a kind of fern, which
they scorch over the fire, and then beat with a
stick, till the bark or dry outside falls off. Be-
sides their dogs, they also contrive to kill birds ;
and in most parts of the northern island they have
sweet potatoes, cocoas, and yams; but in the
southern nothing is raised by cultivation. Their
cookery consists wholly in roasting and baking,
which last is performed in the same manner as at
Otaheite. The women eat in common with the
men, and but little subordination or distinction of
rank is observed among them.
From Cape Kidnappers, in lat. 39. 43., for up-
wards of 80 leagues to the northward, the people
acknowledge one sovereign, called Teratu, and
under him several subordinate chiefs, who proba-
bly administer justice ; but whether his authority
oe hereditary or delegated is uncertain. This
part of the coast is by far the most populous ; til-
lage, weaving, and the other arts of peace, being
here best known and most practised. The canoes
are more decorated, the plantations more numer-
ous, and the clothes and carving finer, than any
where else. In other parts the inhabitants are
scattered along the coast, in single families, or in
large tribes, in a state of perpetual hostility with
each other. For such continual wars, and the in-
human banquet that is the consequence of victo-
ry, among people in other respects mild and gen-
tle, perhaps no better reason can be assigned than
that what at first originated in necessity has been
perpetuated by habit, and exasperated by revenge |
In the year 1814 several missionary stations were
established in New Zealand, for the purpose of
civilizing the ignorant natives, and instructing
them in the Christian religion. In 1819 the set-
tlements were visited by Mr. Marsden, when a
tract of land, consisting of 13,000 acres, was
purchased from one of the chiefs, and the mis
sionaries were settled on it. According to the
latest accounts, they still continue to struggle
against the obstacles opposed to their progress
from the ferocity and superstition of the natives.
Among other enterprises they have succeeded in
reducing the language of NewZealand'lo writing,
and have constructed a grammar for the benefit
of such new missionaries as may be inclined to
enter on this field of labor. Several New Zea-
landers who were brought to New Holland, and
had there an oppotunity of witnessing the arts
and improvements of civilized life, have since
rendered great service to the missions.
Zebid, a city of Arabia, in the province of Ye-
men. It was once very considerable, but its
walls are demolished, and the present buildings
scarcely occupy the half of its ancient extent.
It is seated on a river, 16 m. from the Red Sea.
and 140 N. of Mocha. Long. 44.28.E.,lat.l5.10. N.
Zebu, or Selm, one of the Philippine Islands
between those of Leyta and Negros. It is 149 m.
long and 30 broad, and has a town of the same
name, on the E. c.ast. Long. 122. 30. E., lat. 10.
36. N._
Zedic, a town of Barbary in Tripoli, seated on
a bay of the Mediterranean, 120 m. S. E. of Tri
poli.
Zegedin, or Szeged, a strong town of Hungary,
with a trade in salt, tobacco, wool, and corn;
situate on the Theisse, opposite the influx of the
Maros, 65 m. N. W. Temeswar and 98 S. E. of
Pest. Long. 20. 25. E., lat. 46. 20. N.
Zegzeg, a kingdom of Negroland, to the N. of
Zanfara. between Cassina and Bornou. The cap-
ital is ofthe same name, 380 m. N. E. of Cassina.
Long. 16. 0. E., lat. 20. 45. N.
Zehaenick, a town of Prussia, in Brandenburg,
noted far a large foundry, 30 m. N. of Berlin
Zeil, a town of Bavarian Franconia, seated on
the Maine,10 m. N. W. of Bamberg.
Zeila, a sea-port of the kingdom of Adel, and a
place of considerable trade ; seated on a bay oi
the Arabian Sea. Long. 44. 22. E., lat. 11. 9. N
Zeitoun, Gulf of, a hay on the eastern coast ol
Greece, opposite the northern extremity of the
island of Negropont. It is the boundary between
Independent Greece and Turkey.
Zeitoun, a town of European Turkey situated
at the bottom of the above gulf, in Janna, and
an archbishop’s see, with a castle. It is seated on
a gulf of its name, 50 m. S. S. E. of Larissa and
62 N. of Corinth.
Zeitz, a town of Prussian Saxony, with a mag
nifieent castle, and a collegiate church. It has
good cloth and stuff manufactures, and is seated
on the the Elster, 23 m. S. S. W. of Leipzig.
Zell, a town of Hanover, formerly the capital
of a duchy of the same name, in the principality
of Lunenburg. It is surrounded by ditches and
ramparts, on which are planted chesnut and
lime trees. The high courts of appeal for all the
territories of the electoral house of Brunswick,
Lunenberg were held here ; and also the diets foi
the principality. The castle was repaired by
George II. of England, for the residence of his
unfortunate sister, the queen of Denmark, who
died here in 1775. Zell is seated on the A Jler, |
