144    UNITED STATES GAZETTEER.

/

progress to treat with some of the more approachable among them; and, where they can be
reduced to a state less inconsistent with the true objects of human existence by no other
means, large bounties in lands, or “ tribute money," will doubtless be resorted to by the gen-
eral government.

Excepting the colony composing the Mormon settlement, and the occupants of the few
armed stations established by the United States, with perhaps an occasional ranchero occupied
by Roman Catholic missionaries, there are no white or civilized inhabitants among the popu-
lation of Utah. At all events, the enumeration is not yet completed; for Congress, by a sup-
plement to the act for taking the seventh census, foreseeing the difficulty of completing the
same within the State of California, and the Territories of Oregon, New Mexico, and Utah, by
the originally specified time, has authorized an extension of the period, at the discretion of the
secretary of the interior. Years may therefore elapse before the completion of this w'ork.

The climate of Utah is in general more mild than that of the states on the east included within
the same latitudes. Upon the sterile deserts in the central and southern parts, the summer
heats are intense, and the climate sickly. Nearer the more fertile districts on the west, the
temperature is equable, with less difference between the extremes of heat and cold than is
usually the case on the Atlantic coast. The elevated lands, to a certain height, are consid-
ered very healthy; but travellers upon the mountain summits have frequently been attacked
by fatal fevers and other alarming maladies. In the north, the winters are sufficiently mod-
erate to admit of hydraulic operations throughout most of the season.

The only religious organization, if it can be so called, which is now maintained in the terri-
tory, is that of the Mormons, or “ Latter Day Saints." Besides their establishment at Salt
Lake, they have formed a colony in Iron county, about *250 miles south, among the high lands
near the boundary of New Mexico; a position, around which the country is well wooded and
watered, abounding in iron ore, and promising plenty of coal. See Salt Lake City, Appen-
dix, No. 2.

VERMONT. The territory which is now included in the State of Vermont, and which lies
between Lower Canada, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, and New York, was, for a long time
after the surrounding settlements were made, in great measure unexplored by Europeans. In
its vicinity, Canada was the first known and peopled by them, and a settlement was then made
by the Dutch at Aurania, now Albany, and at the mouth of the Hudson. Then followed the
settlements along the New England shores; but a considerable period elapsed before they