elusive of the porticoes and steps ; the corridors consist of passages leading from the centre build- ing to the wings, of 21 feet 4 inches in width, with outside colonnades, which make the entire width of each corridor 56 feet 8 inches.
The wing buildings have porticoes on the E. front, extending the whole width, with a flight of steps to each, corresponding to the steps of the present Capitol. Each of these porticoes has a centre projection of 10 feet 4 inches by 78 feet in width; thus forming a double portico in the centre of the facade, similar in general design to that of the present eastern portico. There is also a por- tico on the W. front of each wing, 105 feet 8 inches in width, projecting 10 feet 6 inches; and on the N. and S. fronts, porticoes of the same pro- jection, each of which is 121 feet 4 inches in width.
The whole extent of the buildings, from N. to
S., when finished, will be 751 feet 4 inches, and the greatest width from E. to W., including porticoes and steps, 324 feet.
The ground actually covered by the buildings, including the porticoes and steps, and exclusive of the court yards, is 153,112 square feet, or 652 square feet more than three and a half acres ; of which there is covered by the present building 61,201 square feet, and by the new wings and corridors 91,911.
The architecture of the exterior is designed to correspond in its principal features to that of the present building, and the disposition of the vari- ous parts is intended to present the appearance of one harmonious structure, and to impart dignity to the present building, rather than to interfere with its proportions, or detract from its grandeur and beauty.
The principal entrance to each wing is on the eastern front; the approach to it is by means of a flight of 39 steps, flanked by massy cheek blocks, similar to those of the present building, with a vaulted carriage way below to enter the basement. The front door opens into a vestibule of 27 feet in width, leading into a hall 55 feet square, lighted from the roof, and embellished by 20 marble columns, supporting an entablature and balus- trade ; this colonnade will support the galleries for approaching the offices in the second story. These halls will be enriched with marble ant* against the walls in both stories, and lighted by ornamental stained glass skylights, supported by iron rafters.
Erom each hall a vaulted passage, of 26 feet 10 inches in width, leads into a corridor of 23 feet 6 inches, running across each wing from N. to S., and uniting it with the centre building.
The Hall of Representatives occupies the west- ern half of the S. wing, and is lighted on 3 sides by 50 windows. Its dimensions are 130 feet from N. to S., and 97 feet 10 inches from E. to W. The ceiling is 35 feet in height, deeply panelled and ornamented with brackets, pendants, and enriched mouldings; the panels will be filled in with ornamental glass, through which light will be transmitted from skylights in the roof.
The floor of the House is large enough to ac- commodate 400 members with separate desks, and allow ample space for lobbies and seats for distinguished visitors, while at the same time it may be conveniently adapted to the number of representatives which at present constitute this branch of the legislature. |
The galleries for spectators extend around 3 sides of the hall, and are designed to accommo- date 1200 persons ; they are approached by 2 spacious flights of marble stairs.
The southern and western porticoes open into the hall, and will be appropriated exclusively to the use of the members, and such as have the privilege of the floor of the House.
The Senate Chamber is located on the western half of the N. wing, and is lighted on the N. and W. by 26 windows. Its dimensions are 70 feet 6 inches by 97 feet 10 inches ; the ceiling is 35 feet in height, with sunken panels and ornaments, similar to those of the House of Representatives already described. There is ample room in this hall for separate seats for 100 senators, allowing at the same time all the space that will ever be required for lobbies and the accommodation of distinguished visitors.
The galleries, like those of the Hall of Repre- sentatives, occupy 3 sides of the chamber, and contain accommodations for 1200 persons ; they are approached by 2 flights of marble stairs, like those of the S. wflng. The galleries of each of the halls have Jive spacious doorways, which will afford ingress and egress without crowding, or causing inconvenience to the audience or disturb- ance of the members.
The Senate Chamber and the Hall of Repre- sentatives are both designed with reference to the principles of acoustics. The magnitude of these rooms, especially the latter, and the fact that they are to be constructed for speaking in from every point, render it necessary to avoid all forms that would produce echoes, and at the same time to present reflecting surfaces enough to give power to the voice without resolving the sound with greater intensity on one point than on another. To attain these objects, the rooms are made rec- tangular, and the ceilings comparatively low and flat.
The whole number of rooms in both wings, ex- clusive of the legislative halls, is 101; all of which are vaulted with bricks, and rendered completely fire-proof. 95 of these rooms are lighted directly from the outside, by one or more windows, and the remaining 6 depend on second- ary light, and are designed for the storing of doc- uments, stationery, &c.
The warming of the buildings will be effected by means of hot-water pipes enclosed in chambers erected in the cellars, and connected with boilers for heating the water; the external air will be admitted into these chambers, where it will be warmed and conducted by flues to all the halls and rooms in the buildings. An artificial draught will be created by means of fans placed at the bottom of the air shafts, and worked by a small steam engine erected in the cellar of the centre building, and kept continually at work during cold weather. By these means, a constant breeze of warm air will be thrown into every room, by which a corresponding volume of air previously in the room will be displaced; thus assisting the process of ventilation, and creating a circulation of the atmosphere which could not be attained by any other process.
The time required for the completion of the additions is five years, and the estimated expense, $2,575,000. The architect is Thomas U. Wal- ter, Esq.
The grounds about the Capitol, 22 acres in extent, have been enclosed, beautifully laid out, and ornamented with walks, fountains, trees, |